If You Love Zhangjiajie, Here Are 8 Completely Different Landscapes in China (Part2)——Rainbow Mountains, Grasslands, Tropical Rainforests, Canyons & Karst Landscapes
In Part1, we explored how China’s unique three-step topography helps shape its diverse landscapes. We traveled across the Tibetan Plateau, the Taklamakan Desert, and the Loess Plateau—three landforms that dominate much of western and northern China.
Now it’s time to discover a different side of the country. From colorful mountain ranges and vast grasslands to tropical rainforests, dramatic river gorges, and the famous karst scenery of Guilin, these landscapes showcase why China is considered one of the most geographically diverse countries in the world.
Table of Content
Danxia Landforms: China’s Rainbow Mountains
Location: Gansu and several provinces in southern China | Representative City: Zhangye
Few landscapes in China look as surreal as the Danxia landforms.
Formed from layers of red sandstone and other sedimentary rocks, these mountains have been shaped by millions of years of weathering and erosion. The result is a spectacular display of colors, including shades of red, orange, yellow, and white.
The most famous example is the Zhangye Danxia National Geological Park, often called China’s Rainbow Mountains. At sunrise and sunset, the colors become even more vivid, creating one of the country’s most photogenic natural wonders.
What makes Danxia landscapes particularly remarkable is that the colors are entirely natural, produced by different minerals deposited over geological time.
- Zhangye Rainbow Mountains
- Binggou Danxia
- Sunrise and sunset viewpoints
The Hulunbuir Grasslands: China’s Endless Green Sea
Location: Inner Mongolia | Representative City: Hailar
The Hulunbuir Grasslands are among the largest and best-preserved grasslands in Asia.
During summer, vast stretches of green prairie extend as far as the eye can see. Herds of horses, sheep, and cattle graze beneath enormous skies, creating scenes that feel worlds away from China’s bustling megacities.
For centuries, these grasslands have been home to nomadic cultures, particularly Mongolian communities whose traditions remain an important part of local life today.
For travelers seeking open space, tranquility, and a different side of China, few destinations are more rewarding.
- Hulunbuir Grasslands
- Horseback riding
- Traditional Mongolian camps
- Ergun Wetlands
Xishuangbanna Rainforest: Tropical China
Location: Southern Yunnan | Representative City: Jinghong
Many visitors are surprised to learn that China is home to tropical rainforests.
Located near the borders of Laos and Myanmar, Xishuangbanna enjoys a warm, humid climate that supports lush forests and extraordinary biodiversity. Towering tropical trees, exotic plants, and countless animal species thrive in this corner of the country.
The region is also one of the last habitats of wild Asian elephants in China, making it an important conservation area.
Its culture is equally distinctive. Influenced by neighboring Southeast Asian countries, Xishuangbanna offers a unique blend of tropical landscapes, Buddhist traditions, and ethnic minority cultures.
- Tropical Botanical Garden
- Asian Elephant habitats
- Rainforest hiking trails
- Dai cultural villages
Deep Canyons and Gorges: China’s Most Dramatic River Landscapes
Location: Yunnan and Sichuan | Representative City: Lijiang
Southwestern China is home to some of the most spectacular canyon landscapes in the world.
The most famous example is Tiger Leaping Gorge, where the Jinsha River cuts through towering mountains to create a dramatic canyon with enormous vertical relief. Snow-capped peaks rise on both sides while powerful river currents rush through the narrow valley below.
These landscapes were created through millions of years of river erosion and tectonic uplift, producing some of China’s most breathtaking scenery.
For hikers and outdoor enthusiasts, the region offers some of the country’s finest trekking opportunities.
- Tiger Leaping Gorge
- Jade Dragon Snow Mountain
- Jinsha River Canyon
- Scenic hiking routes
Karst Landscapes: The Scenery of Classical Chinese Paintings
Location: Guangxi, Guizhou, and Yunnan | Representative City: Guilin
If you’ve ever seen a traditional Chinese landscape painting, chances are you’ve already seen a karst landscape.
Karst terrain forms when rainwater slowly dissolves limestone over millions of years, creating dramatic peaks, caves, underground rivers, and sinkholes. Southern China contains some of the world’s finest examples of this landscape type.
The area around Guilin and Yangshuo is particularly famous. Thousands of limestone peaks rise abruptly from the surrounding plains, creating scenes that have inspired Chinese artists and poets for centuries.
For many international travelers, Guilin represents the quintessential image of China’s natural beauty.
- Li River
- Yangshuo
- Reed Flute Cave
- Yulong River
- Longji Rice Terraces (nearby)
Final Thoughts
From the Tibetan Plateau to the deserts of Xinjiang, the grasslands of Inner Mongolia, and the karst peaks of Guilin, China’s landscapes are far more diverse than many travelers imagine.
Understanding these eight landforms is one of the easiest ways to appreciate the country’s geography—and perhaps discover a destination you never knew existed.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
The best time is from June to September, especially around sunrise (6:00–7:30 AM) and sunset (7:30–8:30 PM). Summer evenings offer the most vivid colors. Avoid winter, when temperatures drop sharply and daylight is short.
The full trek (17–22 km, 6–8 hours) is moderately challenging, with steep sections and narrow paths. Fit beginners can complete it with proper footwear and an early start. Alternatively, you can hike only the lower trail (easier, 2–3 hours) or join a guided tour.
Pack layers: mornings and evenings can be cool (10–15°C), while midday is warm (25–30°C). Bring sunscreen, insect repellent, a hat, and a light jacket. If staying in a yurt, a sleeping bag liner is recommended.
Plan at least 3–4 days. Spend 1–2 days on a Li River cruise or bamboo rafting from Guilin to Yangshuo, 1 day exploring Yangshuo’s countryside by bike or e-bike, and 1 day visiting Reed Flute Cave and the city’s highlights. Add an extra day if you also want to see the Longji Rice Terraces.
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